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RazmjenaVjestina

BlagiUvoduLinux

daklem linux je unix klon. Nije unix ali se ponasa kao takav.Nastao u okrilju zajednice hackera (ne crackera) u zadnjih 15tak godina pod nenametnutim vodstvom Linusa Torvaldsa:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux

Razlika izmedju hackera(whiteHata), grayHata i blackHata(crackera) dobro je opisana ovdje:

http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#what_is

Prenesen (portan) je na skoro svaku mikroprocesorsku arhitekturu danasnjice, jucerasnjice, a s obzirom na apstraktnost u implementaciji i sutrasnjice.
Ispravan naziv mozda bi trebao biti GNU/OS on Linux kernel.

http://www.gnu.org/

Pojam GNU zapravo znaci "slobodu od copyrighta" tzv copyleft. GNU/GPL licenca omogucava nam da zadrzimo autorsko pravo otpustajuci patentno pravo zajednici korisnika izvornog programskog koda i izvrsnih datoteka.

Zgodan popis arhitektura na kojima radi Linux imamo ovdje:
http://www.us.debian.org/ports/

Linux je OS(kernel i siri smisao), Projekt i Pokret. Vlasnicki sw je najcesce proizvod. Mnoge komercijalne Linux-distribucije (OpenSource) nisu slobodan software. Evo jednog pokusaja katalogizacije distribucija (uvjet za distru je disketa ili CD/DVD):

http://distrowatch.com/

Osnovna paradigma linuxa je visekorisnicki, visezadacni i viseprocesorski(CPU) rad nakon prijave korisnika na host sa terminala (u txt ili graf modu). Korisnik onda pokrece aplikacije, naredbe(komande) u terminalu ili GUI-ju (X Window[ing] System). Iako vizualno GUI moze vrlo
podsjecat na neke drugih OS-ova, izvorno radi se o potpuno drugacijem konceptu i filozofiji (npr remote rad, X-protokol, virtualizacija, ...)
Moze se reci da se paralelno sa popularizacijom linuxa, pogotovo na desktopu, gubi svijest o toj drukcijoj filozofiji i konceptu.To je i glavni razlog nerazumjevanju korisnika nekih drugih sustava--pogotovo kod direktnih usporedbi.
Dokumentacija o linuxu je jedna od najobimnijih na mrezi:

http://tldp.org/

Jedan od prvih dokumenata (iako mozda malo out-to-date) je "Linux Installation and Getting Started:

http://tldp.org/LDP/gs/gs.html

Dokumentacija postoji u vidu FAQ-ova, HOWTO dokumenata, Guide-ova, a dostupna je u velikoj mjeri na komandnoj liniji (man i info stranice) i GUI-ju (help unutar aplikacije).

end_part_1

original Dec 24 1:14pm

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daklem linux je unix klon. Nije unix ali se ponasa kao takav.Nastao u okrilju zajednice hackera (ne crackera) u zadnjih 15tak godina pod nenametnutim vodstvom Linusa Torvaldsa:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux

Razlika izmedju hackera(whiteHata), grayHata i blackHata(crackera) dobro je opisana ovdje:

http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html#what_is

Prenesen (portan) je na skoro svaku mikroprocesorsku arhitekturu danasnjice, jucerasnjice, a s obzirom na apstraktnost u implementaciji i sutrasnjice. 
Ispravan naziv mozda bi trebao biti GNU/OS on Linux [kernel].

http://www.gnu.org/

Pojam GNU zapravo znaci "slobodu od copyrighta" tzv copyleft. GNU/GPL licenca omogucava nam da zadrzimo autorsko pravo otpustajuci patentno pravo zajednici korisnika izvornog programskog koda i izvrsnih datoteka.

Zgodan popis arhitektura na kojima radi Linux imamo ovdje: 
http://www.us.debian.org/ports/

Linux je OS(kernel i siri smisao), Projekt i Pokret. Vlasnicki sw je najcesce proizvod. Mnoge komercijalne Linux-distribucije (OpenSource) nisu slobodan software. Evo jednog pokusaja katalogizacije distribucija (uvjet za distru je disketa ili CD/DVD):

http://distrowatch.com/

Osnovna paradigma linuxa je visekorisnicki, visezadacni i viseprocesorski(CPU) rad nakon prijave korisnika na host sa terminala (u txt ili graf modu). Korisnik onda pokrece aplikacije, naredbe(komande) u terminalu ili GUI-ju (X Window[ing] System). Iako vizualno GUI moze vrlo 
podsjecat na neke drugih OS-ova, izvorno radi se o potpuno drugacijem konceptu i filozofiji (npr remote rad, X-protokol, virtualizacija, ...) 
Moze se reci da se paralelno sa popularizacijom linuxa, pogotovo na desktopu, gubi svijest o toj drukcijoj filozofiji i konceptu.To je i glavni razlog nerazumjevanju korisnika nekih drugih sustava--pogotovo kod direktnih usporedbi. 
Dokumentacija o linuxu je jedna od najobimnijih na mrezi:

http://tldp.org/

Jedan od prvih dokumenata (iako mozda malo out-to-date) je "Linux Installation and Getting Started:

http://tldp.org/LDP/gs/gs.html

Dokumentacija postoji u vidu FAQ-ova, HOWTO dokumenata, Guide-ova, a dostupna je u velikoj mjeri na komandnoj liniji (man i info stranice) i GUI-ju (help unutar aplikacije).

end_part_1

----

"original"<http://www.razmjenavjestina.org/RazmjenjivaciVjestina/DrGspot/BlagiUvoduLinux> {date: 2005-12-24 21:14:07 +0100}