Dobrica Pavlinušić's random unstructured stuff
Virtualization workshop: Revision 23
Materijali za "Virtualizacija na Linuxu -- jednostavan izbor zar ne?"<http://www.hroug.hr/hr/hroug_konferencija/u_pripremi/hroug2008_rovinj/predavanja_radionice_demogroundi/radionice/virtualizacija_na_linuxu_jednostavan_izbor_zar_ne>
{toc: } ^ Hardware ^^ Disk Slow laptop 2.5" 5400 disk .pre dpavlin@llin:~$ sudo hdparm -i /dev/sda /dev/sda: Model=FUJITSU MHV2080BH , FwRev=00840028, SerialNo= NW05T6B29HM5 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec Fixed DTR>10Mbs } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4 BuffType=DualPortCache, BuffSize=8192kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=?16? CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=156301488 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:240,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120} PIO modes: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 *udma5 AdvancedPM=yes: mode=0x80 (128) WriteCache=enabled Drive conforms to: unknown: ATA/ATAPI-3,4,5,6,7 * signifies the current active mode dpavlin@llin:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 1566 MB in 2.00 seconds = 782.85 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 66 MB in 3.03 seconds = 21.79 MB/sec .pre Faster (!) external 3.5 USB disk (no `hdparm -i` on USB), but just because it's *another* disk not loaded by system. .pre dpavlin@llin:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 1508 MB in 2.00 seconds = 753.72 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 56 MB in 3.03 seconds = 18.48 MB/sec .pre Home-made software md RAID 5 array from SATA drives: {fetchrss: http://api.flickr.com/services/feeds/photoset.gne?set=72157603375109805&nsid=46217738@N00&lang=en-us full} .pre dpavlin@brr:~$ sudo hdparm -i /dev/sdd /dev/sdd: Model=WDC WD5000AAKS-00YGA0 , FwRev=12.01C02, SerialNo= WD-WCAS80929678 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec SpinMotCtl Fixed DTR>5Mbs FmtGapReq } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=50 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=16384kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=?16? CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=976773168 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120} PIO modes: pio0 pio3 pio4 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled Drive conforms to: Unspecified: ATA/ATAPI-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 * signifies the current active mode dpavlin@brr:~$ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md0 : active raid5 sdd1[0] sda1[2] sdb1[1] 976767872 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU] dpavlin@brr:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Timing cached reads: 1986 MB in 2.00 seconds = 993.20 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 434 MB in 3.01 seconds = 144.41 MB/sec .pre ^ KVM/QEMU ^^ Windows * `agp440.sys` "killed my VMWare XP installation!"<http://support.microsoft.com/kb/324764> * `intelppm.dll` blue screen of death -- http://kvm.qumranet.com/kvmwiki/Windows_ACPI_Workaround * "Install VBEMP x86 Project Universal VESA/VBE Video Display Driver"<http://www.geocities.com/bearwindows/vbemp.htm> to get different resolutions on virtual machine Startup script: .pre # 3M RFID 810 usbdev=0403:6001 sudo chown -R $USER /proc/bus/usb/* kvm -m 512 -hda win-xp.vmdk -no-acpi -std-vga -monitor stdio -usb -usbdevice host:$usbdev .pre ^^ USB sniffing .pre info usbhost .pre ^ VirtualBox Seems to be best supported right now (package in Debian, optional drivers for Windows, starting unmodified VMWare machines -- after you guess right settings that is!) * "Windows ACPI problem"<http://www.virtualbox.org/ticket/995> - `agp440.sys` problem * "How to migrate existing Windows installations to VirtualBox"<http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Migrate_Windows> - it's applicable to other emulators as well! ^ OpenVZ ^^ Add disk space to VE First, resize logical volume: .pre root@koha-hw:~# vgextend -L +80G /dev/vg/vz vgextend: invalid option -- L Error during parsing of command line. root@koha-hw:~# lvextend -L +80G /dev/vg/vz Extending logical volume vz to 100.00 GB Logical volume vz successfully resized root@koha-hw:~# resize2fs /dev/vg/vz resize2fs 1.40-WIP (14-Nov-2006) Filesystem at /dev/vg/vz is mounted on /vz; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 7 Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg/vz to 26214400 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/vg/vz is now 26214400 blocks long. root@koha-hw:~# df -h /vz/ Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg-vz 99G 20G 79G 21% /vz .pre Then, take a look how much space does VEs take: .pre root@koha-hw:~# vzlist -o veid,diskspace,diskspace.s,diskspace.h,diskinodes,diskinodes.s,diskspace.h VEID DQBLOCKS DQBLOCKS.S DQBLOCKS.H DQINODES DQINODES.S DQBLOCKS.H 212052 11717220 15728640 20971520 61001 286527 20971520 212226 6407804 10485760 12582912 69011 435472 12582912 .pre alternativly, you can also execute df inside VEs: .pre root@koha-hw:~# vzlist -o veid -H | xargs -i sh -c "echo --{}-- ; vzctl exec {} df -h" --212052-- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on simfs 15G 12G 3.9G 75% / tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /lib/init/rw tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm --212226-- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on simfs 10G 6.2G 3.9G 62% / tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /lib/init/rw tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm .pre next, we will set diskpace on both VEs (becase we want them to share all available resources) to new logical volume size: .pre root@koha-hw:~# vzlist -o veid -H | xargs -i vzctl set {} --diskspace 100G:100G --save Saved parameters for VE 212052 Saved parameters for VE 212226 .pre This VEs are not in production, and one is development version of another. When we move to production, we want to enforce more strict limit on disk usage, to protect production machine from running out of disk space in case the development one goes wild. ^ VMWare ^^ Convert image to monolithic growable disk This format is supported by other emulators, so it's a best choice. .pre dpavlin@llin:/rest/vmware/winxp$ vmware-vdiskmanager -r Windows\ XP\ Professional.vmdk -t 0 /mnt/usb/vmware/win-xp.vmdk Using log file /tmp/vmware-dpavlin/vdiskmanager.log Creating a monolithic growable disk '/mnt/usb/vmware/win-xp.vmdk' Convert: 57% done. .pre ^^ Resize disk image .pre dpavlin@llin:/mnt/usb/vmware$ qemu-img info win-xp.vmdk (VMDK) image open: flags=0x2 filename=win-xp.vmdk image: win-xp.vmdk file format: vmdk virtual size: 3.0G (3221225472 bytes) disk size: 3.0G .pre There is a way to extend image using only `qemu-img`, but that involves converting image to raw and appending zeros at end to produce larger image. However, we will do that using VMWare's `vmware-vdiskmanager` .pre dpavlin@llin:/mnt/usb/vmware$ vmware-vdiskmanager -x 6Gb win-xp.vmdk Using log file /tmp/vmware-dpavlin/vdiskmanager.log Grow: 100% done. The old geometry C/H/S of the disk is: 6241/16/63 The new geometry C/H/S of the disk is: 12483/16/63 Disk expansion completed successfully. WARNING: If the virtual disk is partitioned, you must use a third-party utility in the virtual machine to expand the size of the partitions. For more information, see: http://www.vmware.com/support/kb/enduser/std_adp.php?p_faqid=1647 .pre This will make disk unbootable, so we will have to resize partition. Download "GParted"<http://gparted.sourceforge.net/> live CD and resize partition using it... .pre kvm -m 512 -hda win-xp.vmdk -no-acpi -std-vga -cdrom /rest/iso/gparted-live-0.3.9-4.iso -boot d .pre ^^ Convert vmdk to qcow .pre dpavlin@llin:/mnt/usb/vmware$ qemu-img convert -O qcow win-xp.vmdk win-xp.qcow (VMDK) image open: flags=0x2 filename=win-xp.vmdk dpavlin@llin:/mnt/usb/vmware$ ls -al win-xp.* -rw-r--r-- 1 dpavlin dpavlin 3190906880 Oct 9 17:41 win-xp.qcow -rw------- 1 dpavlin dpavlin 3208577024 Oct 9 17:35 win-xp.vmdk .pre |