Intel SSD died
smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-4-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     INTEL SSDSA2BW160G3H
Serial Number:    BAD_CTX     00000136
LU WWN Device Id: 5 001517 a6be8caac
Firmware Version: 4PC10365
User Capacity:    8,388,608 bytes [8.38 MB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is:  SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is:    Sat Apr 27 17:23:39 2019 CEST
SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.

=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
SMART Enable failed: scsi error badly formed scsi parameters

A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or more '-T permissive' options.

dpavlin@x200:~$ sudo hdparm -i /dev/sdc

/dev/sdc:

 Model=INTEL SSDSA2BW160G3H, FwRev=4PC10365, SerialNo=BAD_CTX     00000136
 Config={ Fixed }
 RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=0
 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=1
 CurCHS=16/16/63, CurSects=16128, LBA=yes, LBAsects=16384
 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
 PIO modes:  pio0 pio3 pio4 
 DMA modes:  mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 
 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 
 AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
 Drive conforms to: unknown:  ATA/ATAPI-2,3,4,5,6,7

 * signifies the current active mode

dpavlin@x200:~/intel-ssd$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sdc > smartctl.1
dpavlin@x200:~/intel-ssd$ sudo hdparm -i /dev/sdc > hdparm-i.1
dpavlin@x200:~/intel-ssd$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sdc > hdparm-I.1

Internet visdom is that it's corrupted translation table and that secure erase or firmware update might help.
secure erase
https://ata.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/ATA_Secure_Erase 
dpavlin@x200:~/intel-ssd$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sdc | grep frozen
        not     frozen

# ok

root@x200:/home/dpavlin/intel-ssd# hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass Eins /dev/sdc
security_password: "Eins"

/dev/sdc:
 Issuing SECURITY_SET_PASS command, password="Eins", user=user, mode=high

root@x200:/home/dpavlin/intel-ssd# hdparm -I /dev/sdc | grep -C 3 enabled
Security:
        Master password revision code = 65534
                supported
                enabled
        not     locked
        not     frozen
        not     expired: security count

root@x200:/home/dpavlin/intel-ssd# time hdparm --user-master u --security-erase Eins /dev/sdc
security_password: "Eins"

/dev/sdc:
 Issuing SECURITY_ERASE command, password="Eins", user=user

real    0m19.285s
user    0m0.001s
sys     0m0.004s

This I assume reseted traslation table on ssd. First invocation of smartctl complained that I have to use ‑s on to turn smart on, so I did.
And it seems to work. All smart counters are reset (beacuse smart was off after secure erase).
dpavlin@tab:~$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda  | head -20
smartctl 6.6 2016-05-31 r4324 [x86_64-linux-4.9.0-8-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     INTEL SSDSA2BW160G3H
Serial Number:    BTPR144501A5160DGN
LU WWN Device Id: 5 001517 a6be8caac
Firmware Version: 4PC10365
User Capacity:    160,041,885,696 bytes [160 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is:  SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is:    Tue Apr 30 21:48:39 2019 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

dpavlin@tab:~$ sudo hdparm -i /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

 Model=INTEL SSDSA2BW160G3H, FwRev=4PC10365, SerialNo=BTPR144501A5160DGN
 Config={ Fixed }
 RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=0
 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=1
 CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=312581808
 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
 PIO modes:  pio0 pio3 pio4 
 DMA modes:  mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 
 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 
 AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
 Drive conforms to: unknown:  ATA/ATAPI-2,3,4,5,6,7

 * signifies the current active mode

dpavlin@tab:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
 Timing cached reads:   9340 MB in  2.00 seconds = 4675.95 MB/sec
 Timing buffered disk reads: 736 MB in  3.01 seconds = 244.74 MB/sec

firmware update
https://blog.cihar.com/archives/2012/07/13/intel‑ssd‑firmware‑update‑linux/ 
But modified for recent Debian kernels
https://downloadcenter.intel.com/download/28749/Intel‑SSD‑Firmware‑Update‑Tool?v=t 
dpavlin@x200:~$ unzip FirmwareUpdateTool_v3_0_7.zip -d FirmwareUpdateTool_v3_0_7

dpavlin@x200:~/FirmwareUpdateTool_v3_0_7$ sudo apt install grub-imageboot

dpavlin@x200:~/FirmwareUpdateTool_v3_0_7$ cat /etc/default/grub-imageboot 
# Where to find the iso/floppy images

IMAGES="/boot/images"

# You can override the boot options for iso/floppy images here
# see http://syslinux.zytor.com/wiki/index.php/MEMDISK for details

#IMAGEOPTS="rawimg"
#ISOOPTS="iso"

dpavlin@x200:~/FirmwareUpdateTool_v3_0_7$ . /etc/default/grub-imageboot ; sudo mkdir -v $IMAGES
mkdir: created directory '/boot/images'

dpavlin@x200:~/FirmwareUpdateTool_v3_0_7$ sudo cp -v issdfut_64_3.0.7.iso /boot/images/
'issdfut_64_3.0.7.iso' -> '/boot/images/issdfut_64_3.0.7.iso'

dpavlin@x200:~/FirmwareUpdateTool_v3_0_7$ sudo update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.19.0-4-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-4-amd64
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.19.0-2-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-2-amd64
Found memdisk: /boot/memdisk
Found iso image: /boot/images/issdfut_64_3.0.7.iso
done

This doesn't boot on x200 dual‑core for me.